{"id":2120,"date":"2022-04-14T21:06:00","date_gmt":"2022-04-14T19:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/neu.kontextlab.com\/?p=2120"},"modified":"2022-07-08T21:11:45","modified_gmt":"2022-07-08T19:11:45","slug":"structure-your-topics-so-your-readers-understand-you","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/en\/structure-your-topics-so-your-readers-understand-you\/","title":{"rendered":"Structure your topics so your readers understand you"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Like a building, when you\u2019re working with a bunch of information, it needs adequate structuring. Yes \u2013 most of us think we\u2019re perfectly able to get our point across when we put pen to paper. But do you really ever get to thinking about how you shape your information? In this blog post, we detail how to do just that: structuring your topics in order to make the most sense.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First things first: why is structure important? It all comes down to how we see things. If your information is not structured clearly, you can\u2019t expect others to understand what you\u2019re trying to communicate. Your point might not come across, or worse: you might be misunderstood completely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Not only does well-structured information convey what you intend, it also makes it much easier and enjoyable for the reader. There\u2019s much less mental struggle to go through your words if you use structuring well enough.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Structuring the broader topic<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Before we focus on the smaller aspects of writing, for instance pieces of text, we need to get our mind straight about the broader topic. This can be quite the process. Let\u2019s take a look at our map on <a href=\"https:\/\/map.sciencemediahub.eu\/5g\">5G technology<\/a>, for instance. Such a broad topic, where do we start? How far do we want to go? Not only is there the technical aspect, the topic reaches much wider than that. Think of the politics and economics behind it, for instance, and the conspiracy theories floating around.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"549\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Schermafbeelding-2022-03-29-om-12.32.14-1024x549-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2125\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Schermafbeelding-2022-03-29-om-12.32.14-1024x549-1.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Schermafbeelding-2022-03-29-om-12.32.14-1024x549-1-300x161.png 300w, https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Schermafbeelding-2022-03-29-om-12.32.14-1024x549-1-768x412.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/map.sciencemediahub.eu\/5g\">Kontextmap 5G in Europe<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>For this, we went from big to small. Using a kontext map, we established what our main topics were and how they branched out into smaller subjects from there. By going visual, we managed to keep a clear overview of what is a dauntingly big and important topic. Breaking down the topic visually helps you keep perspective and clarity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Schermafbeelding-2022-03-29-om-12.33.05-1024x540-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2123\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Schermafbeelding-2022-03-29-om-12.33.05-1024x540-1.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Schermafbeelding-2022-03-29-om-12.33.05-1024x540-1-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Schermafbeelding-2022-03-29-om-12.33.05-1024x540-1-768x405.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/map.sciencemediahub.eu\/5g\">Kontextmap 5G in Europe<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>While we used the 5G topic above as an example, structuring any big topic is best done visually because of the possibilities to keep a clear overview. Whether you\u2019re trying to write a book or producing a web site with different pieces of information, we\u2019d always recommend mapping out your thoughts before continuing with the smaller chunks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Following logic<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>After we managed to get a hold of our topic structure, we were able to structure the single, smaller texts: the next level. This too, can be tricky. The logic your piece should follow, first of all depends on what text structure you\u2019re going for. In general, there\u2019s 5 \u2018main\u2019 options:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Sequence<br>In a sequence, there\u2019s an organizing structure based on time (chronological), numbers or space. A sequence is one of the most basic textual structures, which can be used for a wide variety of texts (from informative pieces to historic novels).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Keywords to look for:<\/em>&nbsp; First, second, third, before, then, finally, later<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Description<br>Descriptive structures focus on the explanation of a subject or event. Usually, such descriptions are arranged according to categories \u2013 from general to more specific.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Key to look for<\/em>: descriptions<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Cause and effect<br>Cause and effect is a textual structure that shows relationships between two or more aspects.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Keywords to look for:<\/em> because, as a result, therefore, if\u2026then\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Comparison and contrast<br>Used to explain how subjects relate to each other in a same\/different manner, this technique of structuring is a key way to create texts. To put more power to this, you might consider using for instance graphics.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Keywords to look for:<\/em> alike, in contrast to, on the other hand, similar to, however, whereas<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Problem and solution<br>A type of writing mainly used for informative writing, problem and solution is used when a specific issue is described and then a solution is detailed. However, such structures can also be used in an argumentative way: \u201cThis is wrong, and this is how I think we should resolve it.\u201d<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Keywords to look for:<\/em> if\/then, because, so that, dilemma problem<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Logical pathways can reoccur in texts several times. Think of when you\u2019re proposing the combination of several ideas in your text. First, you elaborate on one and then the other, after which you combine them. That can be done in several ways: a descriptive sequence, cause and effect, et cetera. However, at another time, you might choose to propose your idea through a completely different logical pathway, that might be more useful to that particular idea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heidi-kaden-XvPsA9Riev4-unsplash-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2121\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heidi-kaden-XvPsA9Riev4-unsplash-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heidi-kaden-XvPsA9Riev4-unsplash-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heidi-kaden-XvPsA9Riev4-unsplash-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heidi-kaden-XvPsA9Riev4-unsplash-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heidi-kaden-XvPsA9Riev4-unsplash-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption><strong>Photo:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/photos\/XvPsA9Riev4\">Heidi Kaden\/Unsplash\u00a0<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Levels of structure<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>So let\u2019s go to the top level of structuring you can put to a text, first: the standard format. In the most basic of forms, your text is structured in an introduction, body and conclusion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In the introduction, you let the reader know what the text will be about. If you\u2019re trying to convince your reader of something, this is the time that you also share your standpoint.<br><br>But most of all: your introduction should reel your reader in like a hook on a fishing rod does. A mediocre beginning doesn\u2019t entertain anyone and makes the wish to continue reading disappear as quickly as snow does when the sun comes back out again. A good beginning not only entails the purpose of a text, but also the mood of the piece.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Reaching the body, you let the reader know just why you think so. Or, if you\u2019re creating a piece that is mainly informative, this is where all the information gets good!<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The conclusion is the big round-up on what you wrote. Usually, it\u2019s not meant to share any new info. Instead, you piece everything together once more so the reader can leave your text well-informed.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cOkay\u201d, you\u2019re probably thinking now, \u201cI already knew that. I learned it in school.\u201d That might be the case, but time and time again we notice that written texts we receive from whoever, friends to coworkers, could use a little more eye to detail.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Key to building your text is sectioning it into different aspects. If you\u2019re going for a longer subject, consider making a little list with all your sections first, and what you want to convey with them? These sections can be broken down as far as just \u2018introduction\u2019, \u2018main body\u2019 and \u2018conclusion\u2019, but you can also take it to the level of paragraphs. In that sense, you can see the paragraphs as your little building blocks to get your point across. Actually, a way to work around the introduction, main body and conclusion and to dive straight into these smaller sections could be to develop a table of contents.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But let\u2019s switch back to sections for a bit first \u2013 we\u2019ll dive into paragraphs later on. The sections come into play mainly in the main body of your text, as this usually is more extensive than the introduction and conclusion. Larger texts usually have more structural needs than shorter texts. And not in all cases it\u2019s possible to \u2018wing it\u2019 with this structure: scientific paper writing, for instance, usually follows strict patterns and is embroidered by bibliography.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While rereading and often restructuring is key to a good piece of writing, we advise: get to a clear structure from the start. Therefore, it could be very helpful to create a list of subheadings of your main body. These might contain different arguments, if you\u2019re trying to convince your reader, or perhaps chunks of information.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Make sure that their order is logical: if you\u2019re talking about why a certain building should be renovated, for instance, first detail its history. Or, if you\u2019re weighing pros and cons, make sure they logically follow one another instead of jumping around. Next to this, it\u2019s important to remember to keep one idea per section, instead of chunking it all together. This makes it easier for the reader to follow where you\u2019re going.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Structuring on a deeper level<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, let\u2019s dig a bit deeper: structuring is also needed on the level of paragraphs and sometimes even sentences. There\u2019s three elements to a paragraph:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Topic sentence(s)<br>In this part of the paragraph, which is often the first one or two sentences, we let the reader know: \u2018Hey, this is what this building block is all about.\u201d Just like you are trying to hook your reader at the beginning of the whole text, the topic sentence does just that for your paragraph.<\/li><li>Supporting sentences<br>Then, the reader heads over to the main body of your paragraph, in which you develop the topic further. If you\u2019re trying to convey a standpoint in a discussion, this is where your supporting arguments would come in.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Concluding sentence<br>Your paragraph is not over until you make a conclusion. This doesn\u2019t necessarily have to be a conclusion in the traditional, larger text level sense. Instead, this concluding sentence ties your paragraph together. Sometimes, they also help the reader transfer to the next paragraph. In fact, ensuring a right flow between two paragraphs is key to the concluding sentence.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The<\/em> way to create structure in subheadings is using the signposting technique. Signposting is the usage of words such as \u2018furthermore\u2019, \u2018because of this\u2019, \u2018first of all\u2019, \u2018concluding\u2019, et cetera. They\u2019re words that point the reader to exactly what\u2019s going on. \u2018First of all\u2019, for instance, let\u2019s you know a list of things is coming up.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Techniques such as signposting create a better readability for your readers, ultimately making it easier and more enjoyable to let their eyes go through your words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Structuring your topics to make sense, as you see, isn\u2019t that challenging: you just need to know what to pay attention to, in order to create a clear and concise message.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sources<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.awelu.lu.se\/writing\/writing-stage\/structuring-the-text\/\">Structuring the text | Academic Writing in English<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.awelu.lu.se\/writing\/writing-stage\/structuring-the-text\/structure-within-paragraphs\/\">Structure within paragraphs | Academic Writing in English<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.awelu.lu.se\/writing\/writing-stage\/structuring-the-text\/structure-of-the-whole-text\/\">https:\/\/www.awelu.lu.se\/writing\/writing-stage\/structuring-the-text\/structure-of-the-whole-text\/<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.awelu.lu.se\/writing\/writing-stage\/structuring-the-text\/structure-within-sections-of-the-text\/\">Structure within sections of the text | Academic Writing in English<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/dpi.wi.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/imce\/ela\/images\/Text%20Structures.pdf\">TEXT STRUCTURES<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english\/chapter\/text-text-structures\/\">Text: Text Structures | Basic Reading and Writing: Cerritos College<\/a>&nbsp;<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=M_Yt8bnWJOg&amp;ab_channel=Akademisktskrivande%2FAcademicWriting\">Structuring information<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=7kWGQ-_ipBY\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=7kWGQ-_ipBY<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Header photo:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/photos\/P_qvsF7Yodw\">Alain Pham\/Unsplash<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Like a building, when you\u2019re working with a bunch of information, it needs adequate structuring. Yes \u2013 most of us think we\u2019re perfectly able to get our point across when we put pen to paper. But do you really ever get to thinking about how you shape your information? In this blog post, we detail how to do just that: structuring your topics in order to make the most sense.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2130,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[407,336,404,405,403,406,408],"class_list":["post-2120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-content-structure","tag-information-2","tag-knowledge-map","tag-kontextmap-2","tag-structure","tag-structure-content","tag-topic-structure"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Structure your topics so your readers understand you - Kontextlab<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/en\/structure-your-topics-so-your-readers-understand-you\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Structure your topics so your readers understand you - Kontextlab\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Like a building, when you\u2019re working with a bunch of information, it needs adequate structuring. Yes \u2013 most of us think we\u2019re perfectly able to get our point across when we put pen to paper. But do you really ever get to thinking about how you shape your information? In this blog post, we detail how to do just that: structuring your topics in order to make the most sense.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/en\/structure-your-topics-so-your-readers-understand-you\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kontextlab\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-04-14T19:06:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-07-08T19:11:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/alain-pham-P_qvsF7Yodw-unsplash-scaled-1.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1709\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Bernhard Scholz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Bernhard Scholz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/en\/structure-your-topics-so-your-readers-understand-you\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/en\/structure-your-topics-so-your-readers-understand-you\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Bernhard Scholz\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/c1a271a8dca017d6994a29dc7cfee445\"},\"headline\":\"Structure your topics so your readers understand you\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-04-14T19:06:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-07-08T19:11:45+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/en\/structure-your-topics-so-your-readers-understand-you\/\"},\"wordCount\":1695,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/en\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/en\/structure-your-topics-so-your-readers-understand-you\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/alain-pham-P_qvsF7Yodw-unsplash-scaled-1.jpeg\",\"keywords\":[\"content structure\",\"Information\",\"knowledge map\",\"kontextmap\",\"structure\",\"structure content\",\"topic structure\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/en\/structure-your-topics-so-your-readers-understand-you\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/en\/structure-your-topics-so-your-readers-understand-you\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.kontextlab.com\/en\/structure-your-topics-so-your-readers-understand-you\/\",\"name\":\"Structure your topics so your readers understand you - 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Yes \u2013 most of us think we\u2019re perfectly able to get our point across when we put pen to paper. But do you really ever get to thinking about how you shape your information? 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